Chapter 12, Questions 1-5

1. What are the four "coordinates" involving works of art for Abrams?
-Work
-Artist
-Universe
-Audience

2. How does Abram define these coordinates?
-Work: the piece itself
-Artist: the person who creates the work
-Universe: the surroundings of the artist that influence
-Audience: the people viewing the message of the work

3. Abrams says most theories concentrate on only one coordinate. Why is this so?
They only concentrate on one coordinate to create a specific theory otherwise if they incorporate everything the theory would be long and vague. Concentrating on one will create a specfic and detailed view.

4. What changes does the Berger model make to the Abrams model?
He uses the word "America" instead of "universe" because universe is a broad term to use and "America" specfies what society. He also added "Medium" which talks about what way the message is being put across.

5. What did McLuhan mean when he said "the medium is the message"
The way the message is being put across is more important then the message. The way it is put out will deteremine who sees it and who wants to see it. It does not matter what the message is, if people do not want to see it or not drawn to see it, the message will never get across